{"id":99,"date":"2024-08-14T07:23:49","date_gmt":"2024-08-13T22:23:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/backcountryclassroom.jp\/outdoorleaders\/?p=99"},"modified":"2026-06-08T08:30:28","modified_gmt":"2026-06-07T23:30:28","slug":"facilitation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/backcountryclassroom.jp\/outdoorleaders\/education\/facilitation\/","title":{"rendered":"\u30d5\u30a1\u30b7\u30ea\u30c6\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

1.\u4f53\u9a13\u5b66\u7fd2<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.1.J\u30c7\u30e5\u30fc\u30a4(1938)<\/strong>
1)\u9032\u6b69\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6559\u80b2
\u30fb\u81ea\u767a\u7684\u6d3b\u52d5
\u30fb\u96c6\u56e3\u7684\u6d3b\u52d5
\u30fb\u5b9f\u8df5\u7684\u6d3b\u52d5
2)\u89b3\u3000\u5bdf<\/strong>\uff1a\u73fe\u5b9f\u793e\u4f1a\u306e\u51fa\u6765\u4e8b
3)\u77e5\u3000\u8b58<\/strong>\uff1a\u89b3\u5bdf\u306b\u3088\u308a\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u308b\u6982\u5ff5
4)\u5224\u3000\u65ad<\/strong>\uff1a\u6982\u5ff5\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u4e88\u6e2c
5)\u89b3\u3000\u5bdf<\/strong>\uff1a\u73fe\u5b9f\u793e\u4f1a\u3067\u306e\u4e88\u6e2c\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u8a55\u4fa1\u30fb\u89b3\u5bdf<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

1.2.D\u30b3\u30eb\u30d6(1984)<\/strong>
1)\u4f53\u3000\u9a13<\/strong>\uff1a\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u3001\u73fe\u5b9f\u7684\u306a\u3067\u304d\u3054\u3068
2)\u5185\u3000\u7701<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f53\u9a13\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3068\u30b3\u30f3\u30c6\u30f3\u30c4\u3092\u9061\u53ca\u7684\u306b\u89b3\u5bdf\u3059\u308b
3)\u4e00\u822c\u5316<\/strong>\uff1a\u5206\u6790\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304d\u4f53\u9a13\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u89e3\u91c8\u3057\u3001\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3092\u751f\u6210\u3059\u308b
4)\u4eee\u8aac\u5316<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e00\u822c\u5316\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6982\u5ff5\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u72b6\u6cc1\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u4e88\u6e2c\u3092\u7acb\u3066\u308b
5)\u3075\u308a\u304b\u3048\u308a<\/strong>\uff1a\u5185\u7701\u30fb\u5206\u6790\u2192\u4e00\u822c\u5316\u2192\u4eee\u8aac\u5316<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

1.3.S\u30d7\u30ea\u30fc\u30b9\u30c8\uff081990\uff09<\/strong>
1)\u4f53\u3000\u9a13<\/strong>\uff1a\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306a\u4f53\u9a13
2)\u5e30\u3000\u7d0d<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f53\u9a13\u304b\u3089\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3092\u5c0e\u304d\u51fa\u3059
3)\u4e00\u822c\u5316<\/strong>\uff1a\u5e30\u7d0d\u3088\u308a\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u305f\u6982\u5ff5\u306e\u84c4\u7a4d
4)\u6f14\u3000\u7e79<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e00\u822c\u5316\u3055\u308c\u6982\u5ff5\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304d\u3001\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u5834\u9762\u306e\u4e88\u6e2c
5)\u5fdc\u3000\u7528<\/strong>\uff1a\u6f14\u7e79\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304d\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u5834\u9762\u3067\u306e\u5b9f\u884c
6)\u8a55\u3000\u4fa1<\/strong>\uff1a\u5b9f\u884c\u3057\u305f\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u8a55\u4fa1\u3001\u4fee\u6b63<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

1.4.OBS\uff08Wals&Goins, 1976\uff09<\/strong>
1)\u5b66\u7fd2\u8005\uff1a\u8a8d\u77e5\u7684\u3001\u60c5\u7dd2\u7684\u3001\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u5065\u5eb7
2)\u7269\u7406\u7684\u74b0\u5883\uff1a\u975e\u65e5\u5e38\u3001\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9f\u6027\u3001\u7d76\u5bfe\u6027
3)\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u74b0\u5883\uff1a\u5c0f\u96c6\u56e3\uff08\u77e5\u899a\u3001\u5bfe\u9762\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u5909\uff09\u300110\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7
4)\u8ab2\u3000\u984c\uff1a\u89e3\u6c7a\u3059\u3079\u304d\u8ab2\u984c\u3001\u5171\u901a\u76ee\u6a19\u3001\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u30fb\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u4fa1\u5024
5)\u4e0d\u8abf\u548c\uff1a\u500b\u4eba\u5185\u3001\u500b\u4eba\u9593\u3001\u8a8d\u77e5\u3001\u611f\u60c5\u3001\u8eab\u4f53
6)\u7d71\u3000\u5236\uff1a\u4e0d\u8abf\u548c\u306e\u89e3\u6d88\u3001\u81ea\u5df1\u5b9f\u73fe
7)\u89e3\u3000\u91c8\uff1a\u4e00\u9023\u306e\u4f53\u9a13\u306e\u610f\u5473\u306e\u5206\u6790\u3001\u65e5\u5e38\u793e\u4f1a\u3078\u306e\u4e00\u822c\u5316
8)\u5fdc\u3000\u7528\uff1a\u65e5\u5e38\u793e\u4f1a\u3067\u306e\u5b9f\u884c<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\uff12.\u30d5\u30a1\u30b7\u30ea\u30c6\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.1.\u30d5\u30ed\u30f3\u30c8\u30ed\u30fc\u30c7\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0<\/strong>
1)\u30c1\u30e3\u30ec\u30f3\u30b8by\u30c1\u30e7\u30a4\u30b9
\u30fb\u6311\u6226\u3001\u9078\u629e\u306e\u81ea\u7531
\u30fb\u4e2d\u65ad\u3001\u4e2d\u6b62\u306e\u81ea\u7531
\u30fb\u518d\u6311\u6226\u306e\u81ea\u7531
2)\u30d5\u30eb\u30d0\u30ea\u30e5\u30fc\u30b3\u30f3\u30c8\u30e9\u30af\u30c8
\u30fb\u304a\u4e92\u3044\u306e\u52aa\u529b\u3092\u6700\u5927\u9650\u306b\u8a8d\u3081\u3042\u3046\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u5185\u3067\u306e\u5951\u7d04
\u30fb\u30c1\u30e3\u30ec\u30f3\u30b8\u3092\u4fc3\u9032\u3057\u3001\u5fc3\u306e\u5b89\u5168\u3092\u4fdd\u3064
\u4f8b\uff1a\u5c0a\u656c\u3001\u6b63\u76f4\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u53d7\u5bb9\u306a\u3069
3)ROPES
\u30fbR<\/strong>espect\uff08\u5c0a\u656c\uff09
\u30fbO<\/strong>pen mind\uff08\u81ea\u5df1\u8868\u73fe\uff09
\u30fbP<\/strong>articipant\uff08\u53c2\u52a0\uff09
\u30fbE<\/strong>ncourage\uff08\u306f\u3052\u307e\u3059\uff09
\u30fbS<\/strong>afe\uff08\u5b89\u5168\uff09
4)CARES\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

2.2.\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30c3\u30b7\u30f3\u30f3\u30b0<\/strong>
1)\u4f53\u9a13\u5b66\u7fd2\u30b5\u30a4\u30af\u30eb\u306e\u4fc3\u9032\u3092\u652f\u63f4
2)\u7d4c\u9a13\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u529b\u3092\u3064\u3051\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u5fc5\u9808\u30b9\u30ad\u30eb
3)\u4f53\u9a13\u2192\u5185\u7701\u5206\u6790\uff1a\u73fe\u8c61\u540c\u5b9a
4)\u5185\u7701\u2192\u4e00\u822c\u5316\uff1a\u8a55\u4fa1\u30fb\u89e3\u91c8
5)\u4e00\u822c\u5316\u2192\u4eee\u8aac\u5316\uff1a\u4fee\u6b63\u30fb\u8a08\u753b
6)\u4eee\u8aac\u5316\u2192\u4f53\u9a13\uff1a\u4fc3\u9032\u30fbEncourge<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

2.3.\u30d5\u30a1\u30b7\u30ea\u30c6\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u30ac\u30a4\u30c9\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3<\/strong>
1)\u74b0\u5883\uff08\u30ea\u30e9\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u30fb\u5bfe\u9762\uff09
2)\u6642\u9593\uff08\u983b\u5ea6\u30fb\u9577\u3055\uff09
3)\u50be\u8074\uff08\u8a71\u3059\u4eba\u306f\u4e00\u4eba\uff09
4)\u53c2\u52a0\uff08\u6d3b\u52d5\u30fb\u3075\u308a\u304b\u3048\u308a\uff09
5)\u975e\u66b4\u529b\uff08\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u30fb\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\uff09
6)\u8cac\u4efb\uff08\u884c\u52d5\u30fb\u767a\u8a00\uff09
7)\u53c2\u52a0\u8005\uff1a\uff08\u75b2\u52b4\u30fb\u5fc3\u7406\u72b6\u614b\uff09
8)\u6307\u5c0e\u8005\u306e\u5f79\u5272\u306e\u660e\u78ba\u5316
9)\u5b88\u79d8\u7fa9\u52d9\uff08\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u5916\uff09
10)\u502b\u7406\u898f\u7bc4\uff08\u793e\u4f1a\u3001\u6027\u7684\u3001\u74b0\u5883\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.4.\u30c8\u30e9\u30f3\u30b9\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc <\/strong>
1)\u5b66\u7fd2\u8ee2\u79fb3\u30bf\u30a4\u30d7(Priest&Guss, 1993)
\u30fb\u7279\u5b9a\u5834\u9762\u3078\u306e\u5b66\u7fd2\u8ee2\u79fb
\u30fb\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u5834\u9762\u3078\u306e\u5b66\u7fd2\u8ee2\u79fb
\u30fb\u6bd4\u55a9\u7684\u5b66\u7fd2\u8ee2\u79fb
2)\u5b66\u7fd2\u306e\u4e00\u822c\u53166\u30bf\u30a4\u30d7(Priest&Guss, 1993)
\u30fbLearning by Doing
\u30fbLearning by Telling
\u30fbLearning through Reflection
\u30fbDirection with Reflection
\u30fbReinforcement with Reflection
\u30fbIndirection before Reflection
\u3000\u4f8b\uff11\uff1a\u30dd\u30b8\u30c6\u30a3\u30d6\u30c0\u30d6\u30eb\u30d0\u30a4\u30f3\u30c9\uff08\u4e8c\u91cd\u62d8\u675f\uff09
\u3000\u4f8b\uff12\uff1a\u30d1\u30e9\u30c9\u30ad\u30b7\u30ab\u30eb\uff08\u9006\u8aac\u7684\uff09\u30a2\u30d7\u30ed\u30fc\u30c1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\uff13.\u3075\u308a\u304b\u3048\u308a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

3.1.\u3075\u308a\u304b\u3048\u308a\u306e\u5f79\u5272<\/strong>
1)\u5b66\u7fd2\u8ee2\u79fb
2)\u81ea\u5df1\u6ce8\u76ee\u30fb\u81ea\u5df1\u5185\u7701
3)\u81ea\u5df1\u958b\u793a
4)\u30d5\u30a3\u30fc\u30c9\u30d0\u30c3\u30af
5)\u4f53\u9a13\u30fb\u77e5\u8b58\u30fb\u6982\u5ff5\u306e\u5171\u6709
6)\u5b66\u7fd2\u306e\u7d71\u5408\u30fb\u4fee\u6b63\u30fb\u5f37\u5316<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3.2.\u3075\u308a\u304b\u3048\u308a\u306e\u5ba2\u4f53<\/strong>
1)\u500b\u4eba\u5185
2)\u500b\u4eba\u9593
3)\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u5185
4)\u6307\u5c0e\u8005<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3.3.\u3075\u308a\u304b\u3048\u308a\u306e\u30bf\u30a4\u30df\u30f3\u30b0<\/strong>
1)\u6d3b\u52d5\u524d\uff1a\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u4f53\u9a13\u306e\u3075\u308a\u304b\u3048\u308a\u3001\u76ee\u6a19\u8a2d\u5b9a
2)\u6d3b\u52d5\u4e2d\uff1a\u30c6\u30a3\u30fc\u30c1\u30e3\u30d6\u30eb\u30e2\u30fc\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8
3)\u6d3b\u52d5\u5f8c\uff1a\u6b21\u306e\u6d3b\u52d5\u3078\u306e\u4eee\u8aac\u5316
4)1\u65e5\u306e\u7d42\u308f\u308a\uff1aLOD
5)\u30b3\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u30af\u30ed\u30fc\u30b8\u30f3\u30b0\uff1a\u65e5\u5e38\u3078\u306e\u5b66\u7fd2\u8ee2\u79fb<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3.4.\u3075\u308a\u304b\u3048\u308a\u306e\u74b0\u5883<\/strong>
1)\u9694\u96e2\uff08\u4ed6\u306e\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u3001\u58f0\u3001\u8996\u754c\uff09
2)\u74b0\u5883\u7684\u5b89\u5168(\u866b\u3001\u4ea4\u901a\u3001\u96e8\u98a8\u3001\u9a12\u97f3)
3)\u7269\u7406\u7684\u5b89\u5b9a\uff08\u670d\u88c5\u3001\u30b7\u30c3\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u30d1\u30c3\u30c9\uff09
4)\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u5b89\u5b9a\uff08\u6c34\u5206\u3001\u9632\u5bd2\u3001\u30c8\u30a4\u30ec\uff09
5)\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u5b89\u5b9a\uff08\u30d5\u30eb\u30d0\u30ea\u30e5\u30fc\u30b3\u30f3\u30c8\u30e9\u30af\u30c8\uff09
6)\u30b5\u30fc\u30af\u30eb\uff08\u5bfe\u9762\u95a2\u4fc2\uff09
7)\u5ea7\u4f4d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3.5.\u3075\u308a\u304b\u3048\u308a\u306e\u5185\u5bb9<\/strong>
1)\u30ed\u30b8\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30a3\u30c3\u30af\uff08\u5c71\u884c\u904b\u55b6\u3001\u30de\u30cd\u30b8\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\uff09
2)\u30bb\u30eb\u30d5\u30fb\u30c7\u30a3\u30d9\u30ed\u30c3\u30d7\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\uff08\u500b\u4eba\u3001\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u306e\u6210\u9577\uff09
3)LOD\uff08\u30ea\u30fc\u30c0\u30fc\u30b7\u30c3\u30d7\u3001\u81ea\u5df1\u6210\u9577\uff09
4)\u30b9\u30c1\u30e5\u30fc\u30c7\u30f3\u30c8\u30c6\u30a3\u30fc\u30c1\u30f3\u30b0(SPEC)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\n
\u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

1.\u4f53\u9a13\u5b66\u7fd2 1.1.J\u30c7\u30e5\u30fc\u30a4(1938)1)\u9032\u6b69\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6559\u80b2\u30fb\u81ea\u767a\u7684\u6d3b\u52d5\u30fb\u96c6\u56e3\u7684\u6d3b\u52d5\u30fb\u5b9f\u8df5\u7684\u6d3b\u52d52)\u89b3\u3000\u5bdf\uff1a\u73fe\u5b9f\u793e\u4f1a\u306e\u51fa\u6765\u4e8b3)\u77e5\u3000\u8b58\uff1a\u89b3\u5bdf\u306b\u3088\u308a\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u308b\u6982\u5ff54)\u5224\u3000\u65ad\uff1a\u6982\u5ff5\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u4e88\u6e2c5)\u89b3\u3000\u5bdf\uff1a\u73fe\u5b9f\u793e\u4f1a\u3067\u306e\u4e88\u6e2c\u7d50\u679c\u306e… \u7d9a\u304d\u3092\u8aad\u3080 \u30d5\u30a1\u30b7\u30ea\u30c6\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-99","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-education","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/backcountryclassroom.jp\/outdoorleaders\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/99","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/backcountryclassroom.jp\/outdoorleaders\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/backcountryclassroom.jp\/outdoorleaders\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/backcountryclassroom.jp\/outdoorleaders\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/backcountryclassroom.jp\/outdoorleaders\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=99"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"http:\/\/backcountryclassroom.jp\/outdoorleaders\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/99\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":636,"href":"http:\/\/backcountryclassroom.jp\/outdoorleaders\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/99\/revisions\/636"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/backcountryclassroom.jp\/outdoorleaders\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=99"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/backcountryclassroom.jp\/outdoorleaders\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=99"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/backcountryclassroom.jp\/outdoorleaders\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=99"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}